9. Family Values: Confucian Role Ethics

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Confucianism puts relationships with family members at the core of their ethical thinking. Is this a strength or a weakness?

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Further Reading

• H. Rosemont Jr and R.T. Ames (trans.), The Chinese Classic of Family Reverence: A Philosophical Translation of the Xiaojing 孝經 (Honolulu: 2009).

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• R.T. Ames, Human Becomings: Theorizing Persons for Confucian Role Ethics (Albany: 2021).

• N. Dixon, “The Friendship Model of Filial Obligations,” Journal of Applied Philosophy 12 (1995), 77-87.

• K.M. Higgins, “Loyalty from a Confucian Perspective,” Nomos 43 (2013), 22-38.

• D. Holzman, “The Place of Filial Piety in Ancient China,” Journal of the American Oriental Society 118 (1998), 185-99.

• K.-K. Hwang, “Filial Piety and Loyalty: Two Types of Social Identification in Confucianism,” Asian Journal of Social Psychology 2 (1999), 163-83.

• P.J. Ivanhoe, “Filial Piety as a Virtue,” in R.L. Walker and P.J. Ivanhoe (eds), Working Virtue: Virtue Ethics and Contemporary Moral Problems (Oxford: 2007),  297-312.

• X. Lu, “Rethinking Confucian Friendship,” Asian Philosophy 20 (2010), 225-45.

• H. Rosemont Jr and R.T. Ames, Confucian Role Ethics: a Moral Vision for the 21st Century? (Taipei: 2016).

• C. Wee, “Xin, Trust, and Confucius’ Ethics,” Philosophy East and West  61 (2011), 516-33.

Comments

Neville Park on 30 June 2024

It took three years…

…but this joke can finally pay off.

AT on 22 September 2024

Conficianism and Buddhism

This gets ahead of the series, as I know you are ending before the advent of Buddhism in China, but this episode on role-based ethics, combined with your discussion in your history of Indian philosophy of the concept of skandhas or "heaps" makes me wonder whether followers of Confucianism were inclined to be early adopters of Buddhist thought.  If you already believe that you are merely the different roles  you play, are you predisposed to accept the idea that there is no "self," merely a set of "skandhas?"  If correct behavior and thought is defined in different circumstances as dictated by my roles as "father," "son," or "citizen" it seems to me it would be more intuitively acceptable that there is no core "self," merely a set of aggregated attributes that go into "me," that might shift over time.   The two concepts seem in some sense similar to me, and I wonder if the preexistence of this kind of role ethics predisposed Chinese thought in some sense towards the later acceptance of Buddhism and its flourishing in China.  Certainly Buddhism spread more successfully North and East than West, despite the Himalaya seeming a greater barrier to the spread of ideas than the terrain of Persia or even the Indian Ocean, which has supported  traffic from India to the Middle East and Africa, as well as Southeast Asia, for millennia.  However, to the West people had a very different set of ideas available, so perhaps something about Chinese thought made this idea more acceptable there?

In reply to by AT

Peter Adamson on 22 September 2024

Confucianism and Buddhism

Actually this series will go up to the first incursions of Buddhism into China so we’ll get into this a little bit. I don’t actually know the answer to the question for sure but I believe that the answer is no, and that the Confucians were opponents of the Buddhists from early on - but then ideas start filtering across the school boundaries as time goes along. I hope we’ll cover the whole story eventually, but for now maybe better informed people can pitch in with further comments.

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